Ionization is the formation of electrically charged atoms or molecules, called ions. An atom can become an ion when it gains or loses electrons.
Where the term appears in a building
One familiar application is an ionization smoke alarm. Its sensing chamber uses ionized air; smoke entering the chamber changes the electrical current. Smoke alarm technology is distinct from cleaning or restoration equipment, even when product descriptions use similar words.
Identify the equipment being discussed
For an alarm, record the manufacturer, model and installation information and follow its instructions. For a proposed treatment, ask for the specific device, intended purpose and operating restrictions. The word “ionization” alone does not establish that a method is appropriate for an occupied room.
See the U.S. Fire Administration fire safety toolkit and our fire resources.